The Fibonacci Sequence is one of the most influential sequences in mathematics. It is often found in nature and has applications in music too. It's also linked to the golden ratio, an important constant.
Hailstone series are generated by using an interesting formula repeatedly. It is conjectured (believed) that any integer you start with will eventually lead to you reaching the number 1.
Polynomials are common mathematical functions composed of a variable, generally x, raised to different powers and multiplied by different coefficients. One example would be x²+2x+1.